地震防災を対象とした学校の室内環境評価に関する研究

Abstract

Damage caused by overturned furnitures during earthquakes in the indoor space have been relatively increasing due to the decrease of the frequency of other serious damages as collapse of building and loss of lives. In recent years, these characteristics has been remarkable in indoor spaces of schools. On the basis of the human behavior at earthquake and the actual conditions of furnitures investigated at 25 elementary schools, an earthquake risk assessment method was proposed. In this method, the risk of damage in the classrooms and the risk of obstacle passage at evacuation routes are assessed in order to achieve a total earthquake risk assessment at schools. The assessment is based on a data base of the arrangement and size of furnitures in a classroom and along the evacuation routes. The result of earthquake risk assessment in elementary schools reveals the following tendency : most of the schools presented a high risk, though in some cases the risk of damage is higher than the risk of obstacle passage and in some others, the opposite occurs.