自然災害リスク対策行動の難しさに関する態度研究に基づく論考

Abstract

Although one of the purposes of risk education is to change one’s behaviour by providing knowledge on risk factors, definition of the term “behaviour” could be diverse. The gap between intention and behaviour (i.e. intention-behaviour gap) is a long standing interest and well documented issue in psychological research, and myriads of research findings support the assumption that the power of intention is weak in terms of predicting the future behaviour. The present paper reviews some of the major research on intention-behaviour gap to explain the difficulty of forming risk aversive behaviour. The present paper first overview scientific definition of behaviour as a psychological concept to establish a common understanding on the nature of the very subject of risk education/communication. The authors then present evidence supporting the prediction that the influence of intention on behaviour is weak, and provide explanation on how people fail to maintain risk aversive behaviour from the viewpoint of the theory of planned behaviour and fantasy realisation theory (FRT). In light of the findings of the past research, the importance of distinguishing intention and behaviour was also discussed.