DSpace コミュニティ:

矢作川流域の中山間地域を対象とした流出解析

Sun, 30 Mar 2025 15:00:00 GMT

タイトル: 矢作川流域の中山間地域を対象とした流出解析著者: 杉原, 弘泰; 内田, 臣一抄録: In the hilly and mountainous area of the Yahagi River basin, which includes forests, rice paddies (including abandoned rice paddies), and small rivers, runoff analysis was conducted using the SWMM (Storm Water Management Model). By setting the SWMM parameters based on the results of previous studies, we were able to almost reproduce the observed values at the Takabashi Water Level Observation Station. Predictions were made for further runoff reduction measures for forests, rice paddies, and small rivers, and specific examples of measures in three areas of Toyota City were presented.

構造物健全性の即時判定手法の開発

Sun, 30 Mar 2025 15:00:00 GMT

タイトル: 構造物健全性の即時判定手法の開発著者: 高藪, 駿; 倉橋, 奨; 横田, 崇抄録: The continued usability of structures after a major earthquake is important for evacuation decisions. Wang et al. (2013) proposed a building damage assessment method based on the change in shear wave velocity before and after a disaster based on constant microtremor records. However, there are few examples of post-disaster buildings, and there are not many studies of damage assessment using real structures. In this study, the relationship between the shear wave velocity variation before and after the experiment and the fracture process observed visually on the exterior of the building was investigated using the waveforms from a shaking table experiment on a real structure carried out by E-Defence. The results confirmed three things. First, the decrease in shear wave velocity is correlated with the progress of building damage. Second, shear wave velocity and natural frequency decreased with the progress of building damage, and that the two generally corresponded to each other. Third, shear wave velocity decreasing at the level where the inter-story drift angle was large and deformed. Finally, the results of using constant microtremor waveform records for actual operation showed that the shear waves could also be calculated for buildings and civil engineering structures of the Nagashima Dam.

「用」を伴う日中同形動詞について : 「使用／利用／運用」と“使用／利用／?用”を例に

Sun, 30 Mar 2025 15:00:00 GMT

タイトル: 「用」を伴う日中同形動詞について : 「使用／利用／運用」と“使用／利用／?用”を例に著者: 朱, 薇娜抄録: This paper examines the similarities and differences in semantics and usage of Sino-Japanese homographic verbs with the semantic factor “use”(用). Specifically, this study focuses on six verbs: the Japanese verbs “Shiy?”(使用), “Riy?”(利用), and “Uny?”(運用), and their Chinese counterparts “Shiyong”(使用), “Liyong”(利用) and “Yunyong”(?用). By analyzing corpus data and generating word clouds of frequently collocating nouns, the study compares and contrasts these verbs. In the semantic and usage analysis, fundamental concepts from cognitive semantics, such as “prototype” and “semantic frame,” are utilized to capture the similarities and differences among the six verbs as a whole. Specifically, both “Shiy?”(使用) in Japanese and “Shiyong”(使用) in Chinese typically involve event types related to . Both “Riy?”(利用) and “Liyong”(利用) can appear in contexts with negative connotations. Additionally, nouns denoting facilities and transportation, which inherently signify , generally do not collocate with “Shiy?”(使用) but rather with “Riy?”(利用). This tendency can be attributed to the fact that such nouns can be perceived as , and is a typical event type unique to “Riy?”(利用). On the other hand, “Uny?”(運用) and “Yunyong”(?用) exhibit notable differences. The typical event type associated with “Uny?”(運用) focuses on the management and operation of the object itself, whereas “Yunyong”(?用) shares similarities with “Shiyong”(使用) and “Liyong”(利用) as all three verbs center around . Moreover, “Yunyong”(?用) can indicate application in other domains, which is further evidenced by its ability to function as a ditransitive verb.

土砂災害からの避難のための雨量観測網と避難基準の構築に係る研究

Sun, 30 Mar 2025 15:00:00 GMT

タイトル: 土砂災害からの避難のための雨量観測網と避難基準の構築に係る研究著者: 船津丸, 皓士; 横田, 崇抄録: This year, damage caused by wind and flood damage is on the rise. In particular, in the case of landslides, the realization of early evacuation is a serious and urgent issue. With the aim of achieving this goal, we analyzed the collapse points, topography (slope angle), geology, and rainfall caused by landslides caused by heavy rains in Hiroshima Prefecture in 2018. Regarding topography (slope angle) analysis, it was found that special attention should be paid to landslides when the slope angle is between 30° and 40°. Geological analysis revealed that granitic geology is more likely to cause landslides. In the rainfall analysis, it was found that the analytical rainfall in the same mesh and the AMeDAS values tend to be larger, and that although the yellow zone and red zone are being developed and the capture rate is increasing, the accuracy rate is decreasing, which is one of the reasons why it is difficult for residents to take evacuation actions. Regarding the proposal to install rain gauges in Toyota City, we conducted an analysis using the simultaneous occurrence rate, which is a method for evaluating heavy rainfall, and found that the number of rain gauges in the current Toyota City other than the former Toyota City is small. It was found that in order to secure the same occurrence rate as in the former Toyota City in a place other than the former Toyota City, 58 rainfall points with a distance of approximately 4 km between the rainfall points would be required in the place other than the former Toyota City. Based on this proposal, we found it necessary to conduct multi-point, real-time rainfall observation (it is important to know the dangerous amount of rainfall for landslides at high altitudes). We also thought it necessary to propose a system that can calculate the soil rainfall index and snake using two methods from actual rainfall observation data and predicted rainfall values from the Japan Meteorological Agency, and issue alarm information in real time.